Understanding Long-Term Disability (LTD) benefits in Canada can feel overwhelming, particularly when figuring out which medical conditions are covered. It’s not just about the diagnosis—it’s about how the illness or injury affects your capacity to perform your job. While each insurance policy defines “disability” differently, certain conditions are widely recognized and accepted across most plans and provinces.

Below is a detailed look at the types of conditions that are commonly eligible, depending on the severity and impact, for LTD benefits in Canada as of 2025.

Mental Health Disorders

Mental health issues are one of the most common reasons for LTD claims. These conditions must be severe enough to interfere with daily functioning and job performance. 

Common mental health disorders that qualify include:

  • Depression
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Schizophrenia
  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Musculoskeletal and Chronic Pain Conditions

Chronic pain and physical limitations are another leading cause of disability claims. These conditions must demonstrate a long-term impact on your ability to move, lift, or function physically in the workplace.

These conditions often include:

  • Chronic back pain
  • Arthritis (both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid)
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Herniated or degenerative discs
  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Sciatical

Neurological Disorders

Neurological disorders can affect cognitive or physical functions, making one unable to work. These conditions often involve progressive symptoms that deteriorate over time.

LTD claims often include:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS)
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Epilepsy
  • Stroke (and resulting impairments)
  • Alzheimer’s disease and dementia
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Cardiovascular Conditions

Heart-related illnesses can be life-altering and are frequently eligible for LTD when they limit stamina or pose a significant health risk. 

Examples include:

  • Heart disease
  • Heart failure
  • History of heart attacks
  • High blood pressure (if severe and uncontrolled)

Respiratory Disorders

Chronic respiratory issues can reduce stamina and physical endurance, which can render some occupations unfeasible.

Common qualifying conditions include:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
  • Severe asthma
  • Pulmonary fibrosis
  • Chronic bronchitis

Autoimmune and Chronic Illnesses

Autoimmune diseases and chronic systemic conditions may qualify when symptoms interfere with normal function. 

Examples are:

  • Lupu
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes (when complications occur)
  • Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis
  • Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
  • Long COVID
  • Consistency in symptoms and their impact on work is critical in proving eligibility.

How Eligibility is Determined

It’s not just about merely obtaining a diagnosis, it’s about whether the condition prevents you from performing the essential duties of your job. Most LTD policies begin with an “own occupation” definition, which later typically shifts to “any occupation” after a set period (typically two years). This means you must prove you’re unable to work in any job suited to your skills, education, and experience.

Key factors that influence eligibility include:

  • Severity and duration of the specific condition(s)
  • Whether there is ongoing medical treatment and compliance
  • Supportive medical documentation from different healthcare providers
  • The specific terms and definitions within your LTD policy

Seek Legal Support

While there’s no universal list that guarantees LTD approval, the conditions above are among the most frequently accepted in Canada. If you are unsure whether your condition qualifies, seek qualified legal support. Navigating LTD claims can be complex, but with the right preparation and understanding, you can protect your future during troubling times. Reach out to the team of qualified lawyers at NOVA Injury Law for support and legal guidance through the matter. For more information or to book a free consultation, reach out to them at info@novainjurylaw.com.